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Essays on Economic Dynamics

機(jī)譯:經(jīng)濟(jì)動態(tài)論文

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摘要

The dissertation includes two sections, which apply dynamic economic models to study different economic issues. The Section Two studies the optimal design of the Pacific Salmon Treaty, which was signed by the U.S. and Canada in 1999 to share salmon on the Pacific coast. Moral hazard exists because countries may steal from each other. If a country?s observed output is suspiciously too high, the treaty either reduces the country?s future share, or asks the country to make a monetary transfer to its opponent. A calibrated version of our model shows that it is optimal for the U.S. to pay Canada $327.58 million every 30.68 years. Switching to the optimal contract improves the total welfare by 1.54%. The Section Three studies Chinese housing market. China?s housing price has been growing steadily over the past decade, despite the fact that capital return has fallen dramatically. In a rational bubble framework, the fast growth rate of housing price implies a risk of the burst of housing bubble. We study the impact of bubble burst on China?s economy, where the government?s infrastructure investment, largely funded by land sale, is excessive. Our calibrated model shows that if the bubble bursts in 2017, then in the short run GDP growth rate falls to 2.3% due to the hit to the housing sector, but GDP in the long run exceeds that under the bubble because excessive infrastructure investment is no longer sustainable. If the bubble remains, however, implementing property tax will reduce its size and increase long-run output.
機(jī)譯:本文分為兩個部分,分別應(yīng)用動態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)模型研究不同的經(jīng)濟(jì)問題。第二部分研究了《太平洋鮭魚條約》的最佳設(shè)計(jì),該條約由美國和加拿大于1999年簽署,旨在在太平洋沿岸共享鮭魚。存在道德風(fēng)險是因?yàn)楦鲊g可能會相互竊取。如果一個國家的觀察到的產(chǎn)出可疑地太高,該條約要么減少該國的未來份額,要么要求該國向其對手進(jìn)行貨幣轉(zhuǎn)移。我們模型的校準(zhǔn)版本顯示,美國最好每30.68年向加拿大支付3.758億美元。轉(zhuǎn)換為最佳合同可使總福利提高1.54%。第三節(jié)研究中國住房市場。盡管資本回報(bào)顯著下降,但在過去十年中,中國的房價一直穩(wěn)定增長。在一個理性的泡沫框架中,房價的快速增長意味著存在房地產(chǎn)泡沫破裂的風(fēng)險。我們研究了泡沫破裂對中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響,在該國,政府的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資(主要由土地出售來支撐)是過度的。我們的校準(zhǔn)模型顯示,如果泡沫在2017年破裂,那么短期內(nèi)GDP增長率將受到住房部門的打擊而降至2.3%,但長期而言GDP會超過泡沫之下的GDP,因?yàn)闆]有過多的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資可持續(xù)發(fā)展。但是,如果泡沫仍然存在,實(shí)施財(cái)產(chǎn)稅將縮小其規(guī)模并增加長期產(chǎn)出。

著錄項(xiàng)

  • 作者

    Jiang, Shenzhe;

  • 作者單位
  • 年度 2018
  • 總頁數(shù)
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文語種 en
  • 中圖分類

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